摘要
土壤水稳性团聚体是反映土壤结构是否合理的一个关键指标，但是，关于灌水量和施氮量对河套灌区耕地土壤水稳性团聚体影响的研究一直缺乏。本研究在河套灌区的田间试验为双因素（施氮量和灌水量）裂区试验设计，3个重复。主处理为灌水洗盐的灌水量，包含3个水平：I1、I2、I3（5110、4050、2985 m3/hm2）；副处理为施氮量，包括4个水平：N1、N2、N3、N0（750、600、450、0 kg/hm2）。研究结果预示：施用氮肥能够增加0~30 cm土壤电导率。施用氮肥能够在N2下使水稳性团聚体含量达到最大。灌水量与施氮量交叉项对土壤电导率和土壤水稳性团聚体影响显著。在高灌水量下，施氮量显著增加土壤水稳性团聚体；在中灌水量下，中施氮量土壤水稳性团聚体含量最高。
关键词： 灌水量；施氮量；水稳性团聚体；pH；土壤电导率；河套灌区
Abstract
Soil water-stable aggregate is a key indicator of soil structural integrity. However, little is known about the impacts of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization rates on it in the Hetao Irrigation District. In this study, a split plot experimental design with two factors (irrigation and nitrogen fertilization rate) and three replicates was built on the sunflower land in the Hetao Irrigation District. Main treatment was the irrigation rate, which includes three levels: I1, I2, and I3 (5110, 4050, and 2985 m3/ha). The sub-treatment was the nitrogen fertilization rate, which has four levels: N1, N2, N3, and N0 (750, 600, 450, and 0 kg/ha). The results indicated that applying nitrogen fertilizer could increase the soil electrical conductivity value of the 0~30 cm soil layer. The application of nitrogen fertilizer could maximize the content of water-stable aggregates at the N2. The interaction between irrigation rate and nitrogen fertilization rate had a significant influence on soil electrical conductivity and soil water-stable aggregate. Under a high irrigation rate, nitrogen fertilization rate significantly increased soil water-stable aggregate. At a medium irrigation rate, the content of water-stable aggregates in soil with medium nitrogen fertilization rate was the highest.
Key words： Irrigation rate; Nitrogen fertilization rate; Soil water-stable aggregate; pH; Soil electrical conductivity; Hetao Irrigation District
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